Built-in Functions

These functions are registered by the runtime and type checker, so they are available without @import(...).

Runtime and conversion

Function	Returns	Purpose
`clock()`	`f64`	Current process clock value
`len(value)`	`i64`	Length of a string or collection
`type(value)`	`str`	Runtime type name
`str(value)`	`str`	String representation
`toString(value)`	`str`	Alias-style string conversion
`num(value)`	`f64`	Convert a number or numeric string to `f64`
`error(message)`	`void`	Raise a runtime error with a string message

print(expression) is a language statement rather than an ordinary function, but it is used with call-like syntax and is surfaced by editor tooling.

The parsing functions require the entire string to be a valid value and raise a runtime error for invalid input.

Function	Returns	Purpose
`charCodeAt(text, index)`	`i64`	Unsigned byte at a zero-based index
`charFromCode(code)`	`str`	One-byte string for a value from 0 through 255
`slice(text, start, end)`	`str`	Bytes in the half-open range `[start, end)`

These operations use byte offsets, not Unicode code-point or grapheme indexes. Invalid codes and out-of-range bounds raise a runtime error.

print(charCodeAt("Kelvra", 0i64))
print(charFromCode(77i64))
print(slice("Kelvra language", 0i64, 3i64))

Prefer a type annotation for an empty or otherwise ambiguous collection:

var values Array<i32> = Array()
var lookup Dict<str, i32> = Dict()
var unique Set<i32> = Set(1, 2, 2)